Wasteful Thinking: Revamp Warehouse Layout to Improve Efficiency

You can never be too busy to review warehouses layouts and how employees move around the space. Awkward or repetitive movements by employees, oversized packages, and disorganized layouts can slow down productivity and even lead to medical and disability claims.

Making small adjustments can reflect a big difference in your bottom line. I’ve outlined three steps that you can make toward more efficient warehouse management.

1. Know your cycle time

Looking around the warehouse, you probably see a lot of people and products in motion. But don’t equate constant motion with efficiency. A closer inspection may reveal people and products waiting in queues due to blocked aisles, unavailable forklifts, or computer glitches. You may even find some workers wandering aimlessly for misplaced or hard-to-find items.

Improving efficiency starts by reviewing the order fulfillment process. Do you know how long it takes to process an order from start to finish? Your average cycle time is a critical benchmark. The goal is to find ways to reduce it by minimizing errors, wasted movements, congestion, and inefficient picking paths. If you’re noticing bottlenecks, idle workers, unused space, or piles of unattended inventory, this represents opportunities for improvement.

2. Implement improvements

Formal policies and procedures are an obvious way to reduce inefficiencies. Efficient warehouses have a specific protocol for putting away shipments of new items, restocking returns, cleaning up messes, responding to accidents, and storing warehouse supplies and equipment.

Once those types of standard operating procedures are communicated to employees, focus on streamlining fulfillment. Examples of workflow improvements include:

• Rethinking floor, aisle, and rack layout to improve space utilization;
• Rearranging product locations so the most popular items are located on ground-level bins that are nearest to the packing stations; and,
• Redesigning signage to make it easier for pickers to identify aisles, racks, products, and workflow.

After you’ve implemented improvements, measure your new-and-improved cycle time. Knowing how much you’ve shaved off the baseline metric can be a powerful motivational tool. Use it to drive continuous improvement.

For example, a distributor reduced its cycle time by 15% by allocating work to pickers based on units of time, rather than assigning a picker to fulfill one entire order at a time. This strategy keeps the pickers moving and feeds packing stations in predictable intervals. The distributor also assigned pickers to specific zones in the warehouse to avoid congestion and improve equipment availability.

3. Consider technology

Manual processes and outdated systems can cause errors and delays in fulfillment. So why not automate certain functions using technology? Bring your existing inventory management systems into the 21st century with technology upgrades such as wireless mobile devices, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, automated material handling equipment and voice-picking applications. Doing so can potentially speed up fulfillment, reduce errors and enhance customer satisfaction levels.

Before investing in a technology upgrade, it’s important to carefully weigh the costs versus the benefits. You’ll also need to evaluate compatibility issues with your existing accounting or resource planning systems. Train employees on how to use the technology, otherwise, you won’t reap all its potential benefits.

Next steps

Sometimes objective outsiders with experience in the manufacturing and distribution sector can see warehouse inefficiencies that company insiders may overlook on a daily basis or they may be aware of improvements that other companies have successfully implemented.